Abstract
Background: Polycythemia in neonates is dened by hematocrit value more than or equal to 65% on venous sample. Polycythemia is associated with hyperviscosity syndrome. In clinical setting,as it is not feasible to measure viscosity of blood, hematocrit value is used as a surrogatefor hyperviscosity. There is a need to evaluate the incidence of polycythemia in SGA babies as SGA is the commonest risk factor for PC followed by pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and infant of diabetic mother (IDM). Objectives: To estimate the incidence of polycythemia in 34 to 41week SGA/IUGR neonates and its relation with severity of polycythemia and birth weight-for gestational age-s.d score and its associated morbidity with polycythemia Methodology: Allasymptomatic enrolled neonates will be screened for polycythemia at 2,12, 24, 48 hours of life. Blood sample for hematocrit is obtained by venipuncture (venous hematocrit). These babies will be screened for hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia and where ever applicable for sepsis. The highest hematocrit value of the polycythemic neonates during the course of stay will be considered to study the relationship between severity of polycythemia and birth weight -for gestational-age-s.d score. Results: The Incidence of polycythemia in our study was 16.3%, Distribution based on morbidities associated with polycythemia, the odds of having polycythemia is 4.3 times in those with transient tachypnea of newborn, and it was 8.04 times in respiratory distress syndrome is compared to those without respiratory distress syndrome. Where it was 6.38timesin sepsis compared to those without sepsis, and in meconium aspiration it was 15.02 times compared to those without meconium aspiration. This observation were statistically signicant.Distribution based on morbidity prole of symmetrical and asymmetrical small for gestational age babies, in this study hypothermia was observed in 38 study participants out of which 10 were symmetrical 28 were asymmetrical small for gestational age babies. This observation was not statistically signicant. Conclusions: The prevalence of polycythaemia among SGA babies in the present study was 16.3%.The main problems need to be anticipated in the newborn are perinatal asphyxia, hypothermia, apnea, jaundice, sepsis and hypoglycemia. Improvement of perinatal care is required in order to prevent the birth of SGA babies and also to manage the problems associated with them.
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