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Abstract
Visually impaired visitors experience many limitations when visiting museum exhibits, such as a lack of cognitive and sensory access to exhibits or replicas. Contemporary art is evolving in the direction of appreciation beyond simply looking at works, and the development of various sensory technologies has had a great influence on culture and art. Thus, opportunities for people with visual impairments to appreciate visual artworks through various senses such as hearing, touch, and smell are expanding. However, it is uncommon to provide an interactive interface for color recognition, such as applying patterns, sounds, temperature, or scents. This review aims to convey the visual elements of the work to the visually impaired through various sensory elements. In addition, to open a new perspective on appreciation of the works, the technique of expressing the color coded by integrating patterns, temperature, scent, music, and vibration was explored, and future research topics were presented.
Highlights
Around 1.3 billion people worldwide live with some form of blindness, and their limited access to artwork cannot be ignored in a world of increasing inclusion
Through the investigation of weak synesthesia that is perceived at the same time by intersecting various senses such as hearing, touch, smell, etc., it explores other sensory information that can be connected with specific form and color information in sight
A holistic experience using synesthesia acquired by people with visual impairment was provided to convey the meaning and contents of the work through rich multi-sensory appreciation
Summary
Around 1.3 billion people worldwide live with some form of blindness, and their limited access to artwork cannot be ignored in a world of increasing inclusion. The development of technology to interpret the context of artwork using non-visual sensory forms such as sound, color, texture, and temperature is positive, and through this, the visually impaired can open a new way to enjoy art and culture in social and psychological aspects. One way to cultivate social, cognitive, and emotional empathy is to appreciate artworks through multiple senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, etc.) [3] Based on such thoughts, multiple senses can work together to increase the experience of the visually impaired allowing indirect sensing of the colors and images of the exhibits through media such as sound, texture, temperature, and scent. Three-dimensional (3D)-printed artworks are effective learning tools to allow people to experience objects from various perspectives, improving the accessibility of art appreciation and visual descriptive skills of the visually impaired by providing an interactive learning environment [11].
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