Abstract
Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE The research was conducted in tidal swamp area of Tuak river, Paser Regency. The objective of the research was to obtain rice cultivar with high adaptability and yield grown in tidal swamp area. The study used four local rice cultivars of Krayan i.e. Nanung, Kelabit, Black Adan and White Adan. As a comparison, Yellow Serai was used. The rice was seeded in 5 x 7 m plot with a planting distance of 30 x 30 cm and 1 seed per planting hole. The treatment was replicated three times in a randomized block design. The result showed that all the four cultivars of Krayan had higher height than Yellow Serai. Nanung was found to be the most tolerant cultivar to salinity and the most adaptable in tidal swamp area. Nanung also produced the highest number of rough rice, the highest yield of weight per 1000 grains, the highest yield of weight of milled rice/ha and the least percentage of empty rough rice/panicle i.e. 182 grains, 29.35 g, 4.20 t/ha, and 15%, respectively . /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
Highlights
The major constrains limiting the rice production in tidal swamp area in East Kalimantan is due to environment factors such as pest and disease attack, high acidity level and Al, Fe, and H2S toxicity (Sarwani et al, 1994)
According to the overall test result, it was found that Nanung cultivar was more tolerant to salinity and had better adaptability in tidal swamp area in Sungai Tuak village
All local rice cultivars from Krayan had higher height and fewer number of tillers/clump as compared to Yellow Serai cultivar
Summary
The major constrains limiting the rice production in tidal swamp area in East Kalimantan is due to environment factors such as pest and disease attack, high acidity level and Al, Fe, and H2S toxicity (Sarwani et al, 1994). High level of acidity influences the chemical reaction process and the availability of soil nutrient. Al toxicity occurs at dry soil accompanied by scarcity of P content. Fe toxicity occurs at soil inundation which can diminish the yield of susceptible rice up to 70% (Virmani, 1977; Ismunadji, 1990). Other toxic problem i.e. Fe and H2S can diminish the yield (Makarim et al, 1989). Another condition showing that Na toxicity occurs due to sea wave intrusion (Aswidinnoor et al, 2008) where high level of Na+ can diminish the amount of exchangeable Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ (Suwarno and Salehuddin, 1983). The content of macro nutrient such as P and K and micro nutrient including Zn, Cu and Bo is low and not available for plants (Widjaja-Adhi and Alihamsyah, 1998; Suhartini, 2001)
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