A Study of Isolation, Identification & Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Non-Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli Isolated From Various Clinical Samples at Tertiary Care Hospital Rajkot, Gujarat, Western India

Abstract

Introduction: Nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) are a taxonomically diverse group of aerobic, nonsporing, bacilli that either do not utilize glucose as a source of energy or utilize it oxidatively. They occur as saprophytes in the environment and some are also found as commensals in the human gut. In recent year NFGNB have emerged as important health care associated pathogens. They have been incriminated in infections such as bacteremia, meningitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, wound infections, osteomyelitis etc. Materials and method: During Nine Month study period, various samples were collected aseptically and transported immediately to the bacteriology laboratory. The pathogens were identified by standard laboratory procedures including Gram’s staining, motility, culture, colony characters and biochemical reactions. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby Bauer method as per the CLSI guidelines using Muller-Hinton agar and available antibiotic disks. Result: A total number of 312 NFGNB were isolated from 4112 clinical samples. Most frequently isolates NFGNB were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (42.62%) and Acinetobacter spp. (25.32%). NFGNB isolates were more common in males (58.33%) as compared to females (41.67%). Maximum sensitivity was seen to Polymyxin B (100%), Meropenem (83.45) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Meropenem (78.48%), Pipracillin-tazobactum (62.02%) in Acinetobacter spp. Conclusion: NFGNB are emerging as important pathogens and shows resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Minimized use of available antimicrobial, regular use antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance and strict infection control measures are required to control this emerging antimicrobial resistance among NFGNB.