A study of In-vitro hypoglycemic and glucose uptake activity of isolated compound from ethanolic leaf extract of Amaranthus tristis Linn.

Abstract

Background: Natural bioactive compounds have a long history to use effectively in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. Amaranthus tristis Linn (Amaranthaceae) have been used for the treatment of various ailments. Objective: The present work was undertaken to study the effect of an isolated bioactive compound from the leaf of Amaranthus tristis Linn on glucose uptake in cell lines like 3T3-L1 cell lines and inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes. Materials and Methods: The Ethanolic leaf extract of Amaranthus tristis Linn subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and isolated compound were tested for its cytotoxicity study by MTT assay. Isolated compound was selected further glucose uptake assay based on cytotoxicity concentration CTC50 value. NMR technique was used to identify the structure of the compound. Results: Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides. The Isolated compound showed moderate cytotoxic activity to 3T3-L1 cell line. Compounds identified as rutin In in-vitro glucose uptake assay of rutin showed an increase in glucose uptake. Conclusion: A. tristis Linn. showed significant antidiabetic activity in dose-dependent manner. Abbreviations Used: MTT: 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, FBS: Fetal Bovine serum, PBS buffer: Phosphate Buffered Saline, DMEM: Modified Eagle's Medium, EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, IBMX: 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, TLC: Thin-layer chromatography, FTIR: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 13CNMR: nuclear magnetic resonance, 1H NMR: Proton nuclear magnetic resonance, GC-MS: Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, DNSA: Dinitro salicylic acid.