Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the discourse of Balinese Malay-language rituals activities which includes (a) the structure of discourse, (b) cohesion, (c) metalinguistic analysis, and (d) cultural context; and the dynamics of traditional discourse and Balinese Malay-language culture in the community. This study applied the theory of discourse analysis that viewed the language used in context, which means that people can communicate because they understand discourse (text), context, and patterns or structure. The choice of the informants was by applying the purposive sampling method with certain criteria. The data was obtained through semi-structured interviews. The research location was in East Loloan, as the center of Balinese Malay language speakers. The research findings showed that the discourse of traditional activities and Balinese Malay-language culture used language (microstructure) which was classified as the barrel of an oral language, so that the speech style was clearly visible, both in the structure of discourse, the use of cohesion, and its metalinguistic elements. Meanwhile, in the language (macro structure) it was seen that the use of language for the disclosure of Malay culture that was closely related to Islam/Moslem religion. This could be seen in the co-text of the use of the terms silaturahmi, ngangini, and the context of the use of cultural symbols such as penyingset as a symbol of the men paying attention to and respecting women in traditional customs. Furthermore, in the dynamics of cultural discourse, there appeared to be an attraction between the retention of identity and accommodation in situations and conditions that lead to be changed by the time.
Highlights
Discourse as a term is used in the field of language, and in other fields of study
The events in the structure of the discourse are stated in the sentence, except the title stated with the word, for example the title is stated with the word mekawin 'marriage'
The story is closed with a closing event that is contained in the sentence Dua hari tu setelah selesai diajak pulang “Two days after, the bride and groom are being asked to go to the bride’s family house and the story is finished by the sentence Terus abis tu benang merah benang putih, dimane die nak diem “ after that, red or white, the decision of where they are going to stay”
Summary
Discourse as a term is used in the field of language (linguistics), and in other fields of study. Discourse analysis refers to the study of language units over sentences which focus on a higher level than grammatical relations (Prasetyo, 2016). Balinese Malay language has linguistic characteristics (microlinguistics) and outside languages(macolinguistics). Aside from the unique language, the Loloan community is rich in Malay and Islamic customs and culture that is quite thick. Customs and culture continue to be carried out until now. The tradition carried out by the Loloan community is applied starting from the birth of an individual until he/ she dies. The importance of sustainability in language research especially the Balinese Malay language studies, in the field of discourse, could contribute to the results of studies in literacy promotion activities
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