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Abstract
High-temperature hydrolysis and chemical thermolysis are rather promising methods for processing fluorine-containing products. Research carried out has shown the viability of manufacturing hydrofluoric acid by a non-acid thermal method from refractory fluorite ores and ammonium fluoride-bifluoride, by-products of single superphosphate production. Thermodynamic analysis and laboratory research on ammonium fluoride-bifluoride incineration have made it possible to determine the process temperature of ca. 1000 °C, as well as to select the construction material needed. Tests in a tunnel kiln with fluid feeding of the material and disintegration in hot air (150–200 °C) have confirmed the effective composition of ammonium fluoride-bifluoride. A solution containing over 160 g/l total fluorine and a F tot/NH 3 ratio ca. 30 was obtained under conditions of insufficiency of air required to burn ammonia. With a complete ammonia burn-up as well as use of oxygen blasting, the performance would be considerably improved. Tests on high-temperature processing of fluorite-topaz ores have shown the feasibility of such methods, the specific capacity being 1.25–2.00 t/m 3 with a heat release rate of 6–7 MW/m 3. When the air blast was enriched with oxygen to 30%, the defluorination degree of the material reached 75–90%, the hydrogen fluoride content in the condensate being 120–140 g/l. An additional countercurrent absorption could result in a 35% increase of hydrofluoric acid.
Published Version
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