Abstract
China has built four stations in Antarctica so far, and Zhongshan Station is the largest station among them. Continuous power supply for manned stations mainly relies on fuel. With the gradual increase in energy demand at the station and cost of fuel traffic from China to Zhongshan station in Antarctica, reducing fuel consumption and increasing green energy utilization are urgent problems. This research considers a standalone renewable energy system. The polar environments and renewable energy distribution of area of Zhongshan station are analyzed. The physical model, operation principle, and mathematical modeling of the proposed power system were designed. Low-temperature performance and state of charge (SOC) estimation method of the lead–acid battery were comprehensively tested and evaluated. A temperature control strategy was adopted to prevent the battery from low-temperature loss of the battery capacity. Energy management strategy of the power system was proposed by designing maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control strategies for wind turbine and PV array. The whole power system is broadly composed of a power generator (wind turbine and PV array), an uploading circuit, a three-phase rectifier bridge, an interleaved Buck circuit, a DC/DC conversion circuit, a switch circuit, a power supply circuit, an amplifier, a driver circuit, a voltage and current monitoring, a load, battery units and a control system. A case study in Antarctica was applied and can examine the technical feasibility of the proposed system. The results of the case study reveal that the scheme of standalone renewable energy system can satisfy the power demands of Zhongshan Station in normal operation.
Highlights
The rapid changes of sea ice condition in Arctic and Antarctica in recent decades have been considered one of the most impactful phenomena on Earth [1,2,3]
The standalone renewable energy system used in Zhongshan Station was proposed to achieve long-term stable operation
Based on the atmospheric conditions and load data of Zhongshan Station, the physical model, operation principle and mathematical modeling of the proposed power system were designed in this study
Summary
The rapid changes of sea ice condition in Arctic and Antarctica in recent decades have been considered one of the most impactful phenomena on Earth [1,2,3]. A new standalone renewable energy system of the Chinese Zhongshan Station in Antarctica was designed to realize an environmentally friendly energy supply and to obtain high power generation efficiency. Zhongshan Station has low relative maximum and minimum values of atmospheric pressure were 1013.3 hPa and 942.3 hPa, humidity and dry air. The short-term relative humidity and atmospheric pressure were considerable, which can prove the complexity of variations in wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure the weather conditions at Zhongshan Station. 2c, the monthly average air temperature respectively, which polar day lasts from late November to early February of the following year at at Zhongshan characteristics. Zhongshan meteorological should taken into at low temperatures shouldofbethe considered and studied forThus, achieve long-term operation of research account during the design power supply system.
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