Abstract
In this paper, a method for estimating snow pressure reflection coefficient based on non-contact ultrasound examination is described. A constant frequency and air-coupled ultrasound pulses were used in this study, which incorporates a parametric method for reflected energy estimation. The experimental part was carried out in situ in the Antarctic, where the snow parameters were measured along with meteorological data. The proposed method represents a promising alternative for estimating the snow-water equivalent, since it uses a parametric approach, which does not require measurements of absolute values for acoustic pressure.
Highlights
Background of the StudySnow deposition or snowpack is one of the most important elements of Earth’s water cycle, widely discussed in [1,2]
Since snow is a part of water circulation process, one of its most important parameters is the Snow-Water Equivalent (SWE), which is associated with freshwater capabilities of the deposited snow volume [6]
It can be observed that there exists a negative correlation between the ambient temperature Tc and time tr
Summary
Background of the StudySnow deposition or snowpack is one of the most important elements of Earth’s water cycle, widely discussed in [1,2]. There is plenty of research related to glaciers and their influence on climate, both in local and global scale. The mainstream message is that the glaciers are retreating and losing their mass; each year during the winter season the white fields of snow and ice are growing because of the snow accumulation. Methods for snow cover evaluation can be classified in terms of scale, as methods applied globally and locally. Methods used locally are usually based on manual measurements and observations, which are characterized by their high precision and the variety of snow parameters that can be measured [5]. Besides satellite-based methods, some automatic solutions are being used to evaluate selected parameters of the snow cover. The first method is based on ultrasonic measurements of the snow accumulation, which relies on sensor-snow distance
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