Abstract

Pediatric surgery is defined as the diagnostic, operative, and postoperative surgical care of children with developmental, inflammatory, neoplastic, traumatic congenital, and acquired anomalies and diseases. A pediatric surgeon can perform many surgeries such as; appendectomy, colectomy, cholecystectomy, splenic splenectomy, inguinal and umbilical hernia, pectus excavatum treatment. Subspecialties of pediatric surgery mainly include: neonatal surgery and fetal surgery, some of the pediatric cardiothoracic procedures, pediatric nephrological surgery, pediatric neurosurgery, and some procedures that may be related to pediatric urological surgery (surgery related to the child's kidneys and ureters, including kidney or kidney transplantation, surgery of the child's urinary bladder and other structures and the lower part of the kidney required for ejaculation), pediatric emergency surgery, surgery involving fetuses or embryos (overlapping with obstetric/gynecological surgery, neonatology, and maternal-fetal medicine), surgery involving adolescents or young adults, pediatric hepatological (liver) and gastrointestinal (stomach) surgery (including liver and intestinal transplantation in children), some pediatric orthopedic surgeries, pediatric plastic and reconstructive surgery, and pediatric oncological (childhood cancer) surgery. We evaluate the statual level of education in schools of medicine

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