Abstract
Abstract. This study aims to improve the interoperability between models of geospatial information from the applications domains of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and Building Information Models (BIM). A state-of-the-art analysis showed that the Unified Modelling Language (UML) and Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) are used for modelling information in a geospatial context in all three domains, but with different approaches and levels of formality. A structure of formal UML profiles for modelling of geospatial information in GIS, ITS and BIM is suggested and tested for implementation. The Core Geospatial Profile (GCP) and general encoding profiles for the Geography Markup Language (GML) and the Web Ontology Language (OWL) are based on adapted concepts from ISO/TC 211 standards. Community specific profiles for conceptual models and encodings are based on UML profiles and the use of UML for specific information models in the three application domains. The studies and related research showed that the structure of UML profiles could be implemented and used for information modelling in the UML software Enterprise Architect and that existing profiles and information models could be adapted into the framework. Integration of information models in a common approach based on MDA and UML establishes a fundament for improved interoperability through a shared understanding of the digital representation of the real world.
Highlights
1.1 The Digital Geospatial EnvironmentThe digital representation of the natural and built environment in a geospatial context is fundamental for several application domains
We propose to establish a structure of formalized Unified Modelling Language (UML) profiles for modelling of geospatial information in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and Building Information Modelling (BIM), following the framework presented by Kutzner et al (Kutzner, 2016, Kutzner et al, 2018)
Information models in the application domains of GIS, ITS and BIM describe many of the same real-world features and concepts, but from different views
Summary
The digital representation of the natural and built environment in a geospatial context is fundamental for several application domains. Among these are the application domains of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), and Building Information Modelling (BIM). The three domains have distinct but related roles in the digital geospatial environment. Applications for GIS are mostly used for handling and analyzing the existing natural and built environment, while applications for BIM are used for planning, developing, constructing and maintaining the built environment. Applications and systems for ITS use information about the built environment for transportation purposes.
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