A Structural View on ESCRT-Mediated Abscission.

Péter Horváth,Thomas Müller-Reichert

doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.586880

Abstract

The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) mediates cellular processes that are related to membrane remodeling, such as multivesicular body (MVB) formation, viral budding and cytokinesis. Abscission is the final stage of cytokinesis that results in the physical separation of the newly formed two daughter cells. Although abscission has been investigated for decades, there are still fundamental open questions related to the spatio-temporal organization of the molecular machinery involved in this process. Reviewing knowledge obtained from in vitro as well as in vivo experiments, we give a brief overview on the role of ESCRT components in abscission mainly focussing on mammalian cells.

Highlights

Cytokinesis, the physical separation of newly formed daughter cells, is a very sophisticated process that is precisely coordinated and controlled by a complex molecular machinery
It is practical to break this complex process into the following discrete steps: assembly and ingression of the contractile actin ring to achieve a primary constriction leading to the formation of the intercellular bridge; rearrangement of microtubules during bridge formation; and secondary constriction of the intercellular bridge culminating in abscission (Bhutta et al, 2014)
There are distinct processes controlling the order of events in abscission of animal cells: formation, stabilization and severing of microtubules at the intercellular bridge and membrane constriction followed by a scission event as the closing step

Summary

Introduction

Cytokinesis, the physical separation of newly formed daughter cells, is a very sophisticated process that is precisely coordinated and controlled by a complex molecular machinery. There are distinct processes controlling the order of events in abscission of animal cells: formation, stabilization and severing of microtubules at the intercellular bridge and membrane constriction followed by a scission event as the closing step. Reporting on the role of the ESCRT-III complex and associated protein components, we provide here an structural view on abscission focusing mainly on mammalian cells.

Results

Conclusion