Abstract
The inherent coupling of the electric and natural gas systems due to the operation of gas generating units and power-to-gas facilities, along with the uncertainties faced in both systems due to the variability in electricity and gas demand and the vastly increasing volatile renewable injections, create an imperative need to schedule and operate the two systems in a coordinated manner. In this paper a new model for the fully integrated stochastic day-ahead scheduling of electric and gas systems is presented, coping with the uncertainties of both systems. The stochastic parameters comprise the electricity demand and the renewable injections, which collectively create several net electricity load scenarios, and the gas residential/industrial demand. The integrated scheduling problem concerns a unit commitment for the electricity problem, amended with additional constraints imposed by the underlying natural gas transmission system considering steady-state flow. A two-stage stochastic programming model is devised, having as second stage the possible realizations of net electricity load and gas demand in real-time. The model is tested in medium-size real-world test systems – the Greek electricity and gas systems – deriving useful insights on the advantages of the integrated stochastic scheduling versus the deterministic scheduling of the electricity and gas systems.
Highlights
T HE interdependency of the power system and the natural gas network has been highlighted by the research community and practitioners in the last ten years [1]–[3]
Such interdependency stems mainly from the increased utilization of flexible / fast-response gas-fired power units in the electricity production portfolio, (a) used to offset the variations of the vastly increasing renewable injections, and (b) following global environmental concerns leading to politicallydriven binding decarbonization targets, and to less extent from power-to-gas (P2G) facilities
The two terms of the objective function represent the costs of the electricity and the gas systems; the electricity system cost comprises the offer-based generation cost for energy production and reserve provision plus the start-up and shut-down costs, whereas the gas system cost comprises the compressor cost
Summary
Api ⊆ A is the subset of passive arcs, Aact the subset of active arcs, Acm the subset of active arcs with compressors and Acv the subset of active arcs with control valves; Acm ∪ Acv = Aact ⊆ A Set of steps of generating units’ priced energy g ∈G offers. Set of generating units, where Gthr is the subset of thermal units, Ghdr the subset of hydro units and Ggas is the subset of gas-fired generating units; G gas ⊆ G thr r ∈R d ∈D m∈V s ∈S t ∈T x ∈X.
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