A statistical and graphical workflow for the analysis of magnetic susceptibility data from drill cuttings in a hydrocarbon exploration setting

Abstract

We have analyzed the magnetic susceptibility ([Formula: see text]) measurements for more than 5000 samples of drill cuttings from oil/gas wells in the Venezuelan oil fields to facilitate information extraction and improve data presentation, including the determination of threshold values used in hydrocarbon exploration. The [Formula: see text]-values for each well typically ranged over several orders of magnitude. We have developed a new scale, called the magnetization contrast magnitude scale [Formula: see text], based on a logarithmic transformation of [Formula: see text], to better represent the data. Collectively, the [Formula: see text]-data appear to be influenced by more than one process/source, resulting in skewed bimodal distributions with a significant degree of overlap between the individual modes. Each mode or subpopulation of the [Formula: see text]-data could be modeled with a lognormal distribution. We have determined that a method based on normal probability plots could be used to decompose the observed bimodal distributions into their individual components and to obtain initial estimates for the statistical parameters that characterize each of these components (i.e., mean [Formula: see text], standard deviation [Formula: see text], and percentage). Finally, more accurate component parameter estimates were obtained by applying an expectation-maximization fitting algorithm to find the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters in a proposed Gaussian mixture model. The [Formula: see text]-value of each sample was partitioned by determining the Gaussian component with the highest posterior probability for each value. Subsequent color display as a drillhole trace of the proportions of the subpopulations, which was interpreted for each sample, could then be used in combination with other logged parameters to reveal information on the spatial distribution of magnetic mineral assemblages that were interpreted to be hydrocarbon related.