A State-of-the-Art Review on Solar-Powered Energy-Efficient PMSM Drive Smart Electric Vehicle for Sustainable Development

Abstract

Energy and electric vehicles are closely related for the sustainable development in the environment. In this proposed study, an extensive review of the different technologies towards solar-powered energy-efficient smart electrical vehicle based on permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive have been addressed. To reduce the emissions of greenhouse gasses and to maintain the environmental sustainability, solar-powered electric vehicles create a vital role in a modern energy-efficient environment. The different existing as well as modern technologies based on Internet of Things (IoT) tools for smart electric vehicles to be required in several smart cities is represented. An efficient as well as economic design of a solar-powered electric vehicle to communicate between the industry and the environment is proposed in this article. Eventually, PMSM motors are broadly employed in typical solar-powered electric vehicles due to the rapid advancements in permanent magnet materials and several improved constructional features like high torque to weight ratio, higher power density, lesser noise and vibration. Furthermore the impact of solar energy and the recent developments in the aerodynamic design of an electric vehicle is also addressed. The emerging trends of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) related with environmental concern are well established to meet the different smart technologies. The outcome of the article would be an enormous interest for the researchers as well as technologists to explore such future scope of work in the respective field.