Abstract

Abstract. Marine Isotope Stage 5e (MIS 5e; the Last Interglacial, 125 ka) represents a process analog for a warmer world. Analysis of sea-level proxies formed in this period helps in constraining both regional and global drivers of sea-level change. In Southeast Asia, several studies have reported elevation and age information on MIS 5e sea-level proxies, such as fossil coral reef terraces or tidal notches, but a standardized database of such data was hitherto missing. In this paper, we produced such a sea-level database using the framework of the World Atlas of Last Interglacial Shorelines (WALIS; https://warmcoasts.eu/world-atlas.html). Overall, we screened and reviewed 14 studies on Last Interglacial sea-level indicators in Southeast Asia, from which we report 43 proxies (42 coral reef terraces and 1 tidal notch) that were correlated to 134 dated samples. Five data points date to MIS 5a (80 ka), six data points are MIS 5c (100 ka), and the rest are dated to MIS 5e. The database compiled in this study is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5040784 (Maxwell et al., 2021).

Highlights

  • The Last Interglacial (LIG; about 129–116 ka), referred to as Marine Isotope Stage 5e (MIS 5e), is often considered to be a process analog for predicted future changes for a warmer world (Burke et al, 2018)

  • We screened and reviewed 14 studies on Last Interglacial sea-level indicators in Southeast Asia, from which we report 43 proxies (42 coral reef terraces and 1 tidal notch) that were correlated to 134 dated samples

  • Proxy-based estimates coupled with spatio-temporal statistical and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) modeling suggest that global mean sea level (GMSL) during the peak of the LIG was 6–9 m higher than present (Kopp et al, 2009, 2013)

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Summary

Introduction

The Last Interglacial (LIG; about 129–116 ka), referred to as Marine Isotope Stage 5e (MIS 5e), is often considered to be a process analog for predicted future changes for a warmer world (Burke et al, 2018). Proxy-based estimates coupled with spatio-temporal statistical and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) modeling suggest that global mean sea level (GMSL) during the peak of the LIG was 6–9 m higher than present (Kopp et al, 2009, 2013). In Southeast Asia, several studies have undertaken mapping and dating of LIG RSL proxies, but a standardized database similar to the one compiled with Holocene sea-level data (Mann et al, 2019) was hitherto not available. K. Maxwell et al.: A standardized database of Last Interglacial (MIS 5e) sea-level indicators in Southeast Asia son and Creveling, 2021). This paper serves the purpose of providing accessory information on the compiled data With this effort under the WALIS framework, gaps in the LIG literature in Southeast Asia are identified, and potential areas for future research are pointed out

Tectonic setting of Southeast Asia
Data screening
Sea-level indicators
Coral reef terraces
Tidal notches
Elevation measurements and sea-level datums
Dating techniques
Regional overview of relative sea-level indicators
Sumba–Timor–Alor
Sumba Island
Timor Island
Alor Island
Semau Island
Atauro Island
Kisar Island
Sulawesi
Southeast Sulawesi
The Philippines
Palawan
Ilocos Norte
LIG sea-level fluctuations
Sea-level indicators from other interglacials
Holocene sea-level indicators
Uncertainties and data quality
Findings
Future research directions
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