Abstract
Most varieties of the billfish caught in the Indian Ocean are either swordfish or Indo-Pacific sailfish. Swordfish is mostly considered as by-catch from tuna longline fisheries, except for South African, Spanish and Portuguese fleets. Despite of its importance, little are known about their abundance. Relative abundance indices are the input data for stock assessment analyses that provide useful information for decision making and fishery management. In this paper, a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was utilized to systematize the catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) and to estimate relative abundance indices based on the Indonesian longline dataset. The data was collected by scientific observers from August 2005 to December 2016. Conventional models for counting data were used, but zero-inflated and hurdle models also considered, due to the high number of zero-catchper-set. Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) were applied to select the best models among all those evaluated. Both AIC and BIC suggested that the simple negative binomial (NB) model is the best option. The trends were relatively similar to the nominal series, but with smoother peaks. In general, there was a tendency of positive trends in the last decade, with the series varying throughout the period.
Highlights
Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) is a large oceanic apex predator inhabits all the world’s oceans
Both Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) suggested that the simple negative binomial (NB) model is the best option
The dataset included information concerning the number of fishes caught by species, the total number of hooks, the number of Hooks Between Floats (HBF), the start time of the set, soak time, and geographic position where the longlines deployed into the water
Summary
Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) is a large oceanic apex predator inhabits all the world’s oceans. It is predominantly known as a subject of exploitation worldwide, mainly in the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Mediterranean Sea [1]. In recent years (2013-2017), Indonesian fleets are responsible for approximately 20% of the total catch of swordfish in the Indian Ocean (~8,000 MT), followed by Taiwan (17%), Sri Lanka (12%) and Spain (12%) [2]. Swordfish is still considered as a bycatch of the Indonesian commercial tuna longline fishery [4]
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