Abstract
BackgroundAnopheles beklemishevi is a member of the Maculipennis group of malaria mosquitoes that has the most northern distribution among other members of the group. Although a cytogenetic map for the larval salivary gland chromosomes of this species has been developed, a high-quality standard cytogenetic photomap that enables genomics and population genetics studies of this mosquito at the adult stage is still lacking.MethodsIn this study, a cytogenetic map for the polytene chromosomes of An. beklemishevi from ovarian nurse cells was developed using high-resolution digital imaging from field collected mosquitoes. PCR-amplified DNA probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were designed based on the genome of An. atroparvus. The DNA probe obtained by microdissection procedures from the breakpoint region was labelled in a DOP-PCR reaction. Population analysis was performed on 371 specimens collected in 18 locations.ResultsWe report the development of a high-quality standard photomap for the polytene chromosomes from ovarian nurse cells of An. beklemishevi. To confirm the suitability of the map for physical mapping, several PCR-amplified probes were mapped to the chromosomes of An. beklemishevi using FISH. In addition, we identified and mapped DNA probes to flanking regions of the breakpoints of two inversions on chromosome X of this species. Inversion polymorphism was determined in 13 geographically distant populations of An. beklemishevi. Four polymorphic inversions were detected. The positions of common chromosomal inversions were indicated on the map.ConclusionsThe study constructed a standard photomap for ovarian nurse cell chromosomes of An. beklemishevi and tested its suitability for physical genome mapping and population studies. Cytogenetic analysis determined inversion polymorphism in natural populations of An. beklemishevi related to this species’ adaptation.
Highlights
Anopheles beklemishevi is a member of the Maculipennis group of malaria mosquitoes that has the most northern distribution among other members of the group
Our study has demonstrated that a standard photomap of ovarian nurse cell chromosomes can be successfully utilized for physical genome mapping and for population genetic studies of the inversion polymorphism in An. beklemishevi
A cytogenetic map for An. beklemishevi We developed a high-resolution map for polytene chromosomes from ovarian nurse cells of An. beklemishevi
Summary
Anopheles beklemishevi is a member of the Maculipennis group of malaria mosquitoes that has the most northern distribution among other members of the group. The malaria mosquito Anopheles beklemishevi Stegniy & Kabanova, 1976 [1] is a member of the Maculipennis group [2]. This group of mosquitoes has a wide distribution range in Eurasia and North America. Among members of the group, An. beklemisevi has the most northern distribution in Eurasia [3] It occupies the territory from the East coast of the Baltic Sea to the basin of the Lena River and from. Chromosomes were subdivided into 39 regions in accordance with other chromosomal maps developed for the species from the Maculipennis group [11]. Landmarks for the chromosomal arm recognition were described in detail [8]
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