A Stable Link Based Zone Routing Protocol (SL-ZRP) for Internet of Vehicles Environment

Abstract

The recent evolution in wireless technologies has brought a new notion called Internet of Things (IoT), in which all objects can communicate to each other. Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a part of IoT, where vehicles are the interactive members of the network. These last years, IoV domain has attracted the attention of researchers and has become one of the most addressed research fields in networking systems according to their impact on human life. Routing protocols are becoming the most treated issue in IoV because of their essential role to set a solid interaction between vehicles. Proposing a robust routing protocol plays an essential role in resolving several driving and traffic problems. To fitly support multimedia applications and efficiently update road information, it would be important that a network can provide a convenient Quality of Service (QoS). Therefore, a robust IoV routing protocol should supply the best response time to the requested vehicles without causing extra load in the network as this may drive to harmful results, especially in emergency circumstances. Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) is a hybrid routing protocol in which every node updates routing information about its routing area proactively, while it uses a reactive method in order to get routes to destination outside its routing zone. In this work, we propose a Stable Link based Zone Routing Protocol (SL-ZRP), which is an enhancement of Zone Routing Protocol in order to ensure link stability in IoV applications using QoS function based on speed, destination and delay to find the stable routes which in turn reduce the response time and network overhead. We evaluate the performance of SL-ZRP with various appropriate performance metrics. Furthermore, SL-ZRP and ZRP performances are compared regarding Packets Delivery Ratio, Network Overhead and End-to-End Delay metrics.