Abstract
Quantum computers could solve problems insurmountable to conventional computers. The missing ingredient for quantum computing with electron spins is now available — the rotation of a single spin. One of the most promising approaches to realizing a practical quantum bit is to use spin states of single electrons in semiconductor quantum dots. A detailed proposal for such spin qubits was published about ten years ago; since then, all the necessary ingredients to realize it, such as long-lived spin states and the initialization of electron spins, have been reported one by one. Now the last, most difficult step has been accomplished, that of driving coherent spin oscillations for individual electrons, which is necessary to carry out quantum operations. This is achieved by applying oscillating magnetic fields that are resonant with the precession frequencies of the electron spins, generated on-chip near a double quantum dot system. All is now ready to design universal quantum logic gates.
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