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Abstract
By constructing a model atmosphere, I have calculated the theoretical energy distribution of the emergent radiation that best matches the observed energy distribution of the star Cassiopeiae, and so derived its effective temperature and surface gravity. For an accurate comparison between theory and observations, it is desirable to determine the interstellar extinction situ and then correct the observations for it. Fortunately, (J) Cas is very likely a member of the open cluster NGC 457. Five early-B-type stars near the main-sequence turnoff in NGC 457 were observed at low dispersion with the WE satellite. In order to use the pair to derive the extinction curve for NGC 457, 1 have developed a new method of choosing a lightly reddened comparison star. It consists of matching the equivalent widths of spectral features that are particularly strong and sensitive to temperature and luminosity. The UV extinction in NGC 457 deviates from the average extinction for the Milky Way and is uniform across the cluster. For the visible region, monochromatic fluxes of 4> Cas were dereddened with a mean extinction curve. Thus, the intrinsic energy distribution of § Cas was determined from 1500 A to 5800 A. A detailed new spherical model atmosphere was constructed. The equation of transfer was solved with the constraints of hydrostatic and pure radiative equilibrium. The statistical equilibrium of 106 transitions was treated. Several tests have demonstrated this model to be reliable. Comparison of the observed UV and visible energy distributions and the HO, Ca II K, and Mg II h and k line profiles with the theoretical results indicates that the best model for Cas.
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