A spectrofluorimetric approach for the quantification of naringin in biological fluids: Method development, validation and pharmacokinetic applications

Abstract

Naringin (NAR), a 4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone-7-rhamnoglucoside, is a prominent flavanone glycoside that has demonstrated promising therapeutic potential in both preclinical studies and clinical trials. However, its limited bioavailability has hindered its clinical translation as a medicine. To advance its therapeutic application and gain insights into its pharmacokinetic behavior in the body, it is essential to investigate the biotransformation of NAR in serum or biological fluids using suitable bioanalytical methods. In this research, we aimed to develop and validate a simple, sensitive, and time-saving 96-well plate spectrofluorometric method for accurately determining NAR levels in a biological fluid. The newly devised quantification method was employed to estimate pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters after administering NAR oral doses of 100 mg/kg to rats. This method demonstrated excellent linearity within the concentration range of 10–100 ng/ml, boasting an impressive r2 value of ≥ 0.9989 for spectrofluorimetric analysis. The study results indicated that NAR exhibited an AUC0-∞ of 73.21 ± 18.42 (ng.hr/ml) and a t1/2 of 4.53± 1.20 hr in plasma. Overall, our research successfully established and validated a reliable spectrofluorimetric method for quantifying NAR in biological fluids.