Abstract

Key features of context-oriented programming (COP) are layers—modules to describe context-dependent behavioral variations of a software system—and their dynamic activation, which can modify the behavior of multiple objects that have already been instantiated. Typechecking programs written in a COP language is difficult because the activation of a layer can even change objects’ interfaces. We formalize a small COP language called \(\text {ContextFJ}_{{<:}}\) with its operational semantics and type system and show its soundness. The language features (1) dynamically activated first-class layers, (2) inheritance of layer definitions, and (3) layer subtyping.

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