Abstract
Soil pollution has become one of the most important environmental issues in China. It is very important to evaluate soil environmental quality comprehensively and objectively. This paper proposes a soil environment quality assessment model based on the Driving Force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model and data fusion. At first, 18 evaluation indicators are selected, including complex indexes, such as the industrialization index, heavy metal pollution index, organic pollution index, potential ecological risk index, and human health risk index, and single indexes such as population density, fertilizer/pesticide application intensity, annual average air quality index, etc. Then, hierarchical analysis model is constructed, and the weight of each indicator is calculated based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. According to the quartile of indicator values of 32 provincial administrative divisions on the Chinese mainland, the values of each indicator are standardized and graded. Finally, the soil environmental quality index (SEQI) is calculated by the weighted average of the standard values of the 18 indicators. The assessment model is then applied in evaluating soil quality of Hebei Province, China. The results show that the soil environmental quality of Hebei’s agricultural land is in a medium state, and the industrial land is approaching the alert state. The pressure of soil pollution mainly comes from the discharge of industrial pollutants and the application of pesticides and fertilizers. Soil pollutants, such as lead, copper, zinc, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[a] should be especially controlled.
Highlights
Soil quality has become one of the most important environmental issues in China’s modernization process
We propose a soil environmental quality assessment method based on the Driving Force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model, and 18 evaluation indicators are selected according to the principles of the DPSIR model
The soil quality index of Hebei gained from our assessment model is 0.5815 in agricultural land and 0.5127 in industrial land, indicating that the soil environmental quality of agricultural land is in a medium state and the soil environmental quality of industrial land is approaching the alert state
Summary
Soil quality has become one of the most important environmental issues in China’s modernization process. Soil pollution is related to agricultural safety production, cultivated land quality, and people’s health. The National Soil Pollution Status Survey Bulletin, jointly issued by the former Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Land and Resources in 2014, showed that the total over-standard rate of soil pollutants in China is as high as 16.1%, indicating that the soil conditions in China are not optimistic [1]. With the awareness of environmental protection and sustainable development, people began to realize the negative effects of soil pollution on production systems and their lives. The soil pollution data sources are widely distributed in the departments of environmental protection, land resources, agriculture, forestry, industry, etc. It is necessary to integrate multi-source soil environmental data into the soil environmental quality assessment system as well as to ensure the reliability of soil quality assessment results
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