Abstract
Our purpose is to contribute to the knowledge of the incidence of teenage pregnancy in the low-income sector of the Gran Mendoza by understanding them as part of their life strategies within the framework of their conditions of existence strongly impacted for low job opportunities and a reactive educational system. Pregnancy and motherhood in these adolescents are problematized considering that their incidence remains high compared to that for women of other social classes. We had chosen to know their opinions regarding their sexual and reproductive practices that drive them, or not, to the pregnancy and maternity. We think it is possible to argue that, in extreme conditions of social exclusion, with a lack of familiar support and limited cultural capital, teenagers tend to have sexual practices that drive them not to avoid pregnancies strongly influenced by traditional ideas regarding the role of women in society. On the contrary, when teenage women have bigger levels of cultural capital, dispute the reiterate tendencies of the traditional “class habitus” and report educational and professional life projects.
Highlights
The objective of this paper is to share the main findings from our doctoral project named “A sociological contribution to the comprehension of adolescent pregnancy in the low-income population of the Gran Mendoza” developed from 2016 to 2020 at the Political and Social Sciences School in the Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.The theoretical and empirical approach to teenage pregnancies in the low-income population from the Gran Mendoza has been made considering them as part of the adolescent life strategies in a context characterized by their deteriorated living conditions
This study focuses on pregnancy and motherhood in teenagers from the second group since it is relevant in numbers and because such phenomenon in girls who are younger than 14 years is considered abusive and under violent situations, exceeding the aim of our research (UNFPA, 2017)
The studies that analyze this problem confirm that the rates of teenage pregnancy’s influence have kept its resistance to becoming low in the last decades in Argentina and Mendoza – like in Latin American countries1 - despite the efforts done by public policies (Plan ENIA, 2019)
Summary
The objective of this paper is to share the main findings from our doctoral project named “A sociological contribution to the comprehension of adolescent pregnancy in the low-income population of the Gran Mendoza” developed from 2016 to 2020 at the Political and Social Sciences School in the Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. Throughout this research, we think that the subjective practices of the teenagers from the low-income population of our country should be understood in a context of the deep deterioration of their daily life due to the impact that the dislocation of the labor world had generated in the living conditions of the poorest population of Argentina after more than 30 years of the implementation of neoliberal accumulation model (Minujin, 1993) (Svampa, 2005) (Benza, 2016) (Piovani and Salvia, 2018) In this process, the most affected ones of the wide portion of Argentine society have been and even are the young sectors, who really suffer from the vulnerabilities of the labor precariousness (Salvia and Tuñón, 2006) (Calero, 2018) (Saavedra, 2018). We believe our contribution is to demonstrate through the application of the habitus concept the key factors participating in the situation that conduct, or not, the adolescent girl to pregnancy and motherhood and, to provide insights to improve social policies in the area of sexual and reproductive rights
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