Abstract

Education has been carried out in traditional mode as well as in online mode. This paper finds the gaps regarding the learnability of the students, which has adverse effects on the employability and sustainability over the long run. We recommend online courses as a supplementary tool for addressing these gaps. The problems of the online courses are understood, and an adaptive smarter learning approach with innovative applications and interactivities is being recommended. The background knowledge needed to design a better learning model, and an adaptive solution is explored. The different adaptive approaches are being examined for devising a novel method for adaptive learning. The recent literature review in adaptive learning is captured and analyzed. This paper also provides the future direction of adaptive learning, the challenges involved, and ways to offer effective e-learning.

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