Abstract
This paper describes a smart ray-tracing method based on the ray concept. From the literature review, we observed that there is still a research gap on conventional ray-tracing methods that is worthy of further investigation. The herein proposed smart 3D ray-tracing method offers an efficient and fast way to predict indoor radio propagation for supporting future generation networks. The simulation data was verified by measurements. This method is advantageous for developing new ray-tracing algorithms and simulators to improve propagation prediction accuracy and computational speed.
Highlights
The electromagnetic wave was discovered in 1880 by Hertz, followed by major innovations by Marconi in 1901, who successfully transmitted radio waves over a distance, which marked the beginning of wireless communication (WC) systems
Center (WCC), which is situated at Center (WCC), which is situated at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) at Johor Bahru Campus
In the ray tracing (RT), the richness of interactions and greater number of rays received by receivers method, and proposed smart 3D RT method
Summary
The electromagnetic wave was discovered in 1880 by Hertz, followed by major innovations by Marconi in 1901, who successfully transmitted radio waves over a distance, which marked the beginning of wireless communication (WC) systems. The indoor radio propagation models are mainly divided into three major groups: empirical, stochastic, and site-specific models. Necessary parameters are tuned with respect to standard practical radio propagation measurement data. The site-specific models deal with radio wave propagation prediction by using Maxwell’s equations. In this model, the accuracy level is higher than the empirical and stochastic models. The smart 3D RT methods simulation results provided accurate propagation prediction. It ensures the fruitful design and implementation of WC systems.
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