A small-scale UAV propeller optimization by using ant colony algorithm

Abstract

UAVs are designed to create lift in the same direction as the rotation axis, hence propellers are one of the most basic components of propulsion. Although several previous propeller optimization techniques have been developed, they usually find the optimal thrust coefficient at a constant power coefficient and vice versa. This research will combine the optimal values of the thrust coefficient and the power coefficient to find the optimum thrust and the lowest power at the same time. A Simple Blade Element Theory Blade served as the foundation for all assumptions.This article examined over 80 various designs, brands, and types of propellers in a two-blade configuration with diameters ranging from 2.5 to 19 inches and varying pitch values. The data for the baseline propeller was obtained from the UIUC Propeller Database. The inputs for the optimization are the propeller type, diameter, pitch angle, rotational speed, thrust coefficient, and power coefficient. The results show that by determining the factor of interest in the thrust coefficient and the power coefficient, the algorithm can find the optimal propeller specifications. When the factor of interest in the thrust coefficient is 100%, the algorithm will ignore the effect of the power coefficient and vice versa.