Abstract
Small sized ionization chambers are attractive as a continuous tritium flow monitor in the fuel processing systems. We made a small ionization chamber and examined some basic properties of it such as saturation-current characteristics, concentration and/or pressure dependence of the ionization current, and impurity gas effects. A small ionization chamber of 1.9 cm 3 in volume showed satisfactory saturation-current characteristics above 20 V, and also gave a good linear relationship between ionization current and tritium concentration in a wide range from 1 × 10 −6 to 3 × 10 −1 Ci/cm 3 under condition of 1 atm. The pressure dependence of the ionization current was analyzed through a simple two-dimensional model taking account of the energy consumption of β particles in the chamber. Addition of inert gases to tritium gas caused the ionization current to increase. This phenomenon was attributed to the change in the stopping power and W value with the mixing up of different gases.
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