Abstract
The recommendations of Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) fertilization for rice are still not site-specific yet due to a lack of required soil data information. The P and K status of the paddy fields that provide information on the low, medium, and high P and K nutrient status are very useful for determining recommended the site-specific fertilizer in the the district area. The purpose of the research was to determine the site-specific fertilizer recommendation for paddy field based on their P and K status. This research was based on the field survey and the soil analysis in the laboratory. The soil samples were taken using a grid system, and the P and K levels were assessed by using a 25% HCl extraction. Soil samples were taken in a composite manner on all paddy fields in which their status have been identified. The composite soil samples were determined from 10 - 15 individual samples (sub-samples) with a sampling distance of each sub-sample of 25-50 m in the field. The soil samples were taken in the overlay with a depth of 0-20 cm. Taking sub-samples were done by a diagonal or a zigzag method according to the conditions of paddy fields. The results of the study presented that the nutrient status of P and K and the fertilizer recommendations in paddy fields for rice plants located in 9 sub-districts in Mempawah Dsitrict had shown that nutrient status of P, on average, were from moderate to high levels, meanwhile, the nutrient status of K was from low to high levels. Recommendations for fertilizing rice fields in several sub-districts in Mempawah Regency are mostly 150 kg NPK (15:15:15) ha-1, 200 kg Urea ha-1 and 25 kg KCl ha-1.
Highlights
One of the many efforts in stabilizing a national food self-sufficiency is to optimize paddy fields for rice farming by increasing the rice production and productivity
The results showed that using the agronomic efficiencies and a sustainable yield index (SYI), this new method for establishing fertilizer recommendations robustly estimated the mean rice yield (7.6 Mg ha-1) (Jin 2012; Chuan et al 2019; Liu et al 2017)
Paddy fields in this study are paddy fields that are patched and limited by a dike rice field, a channel to channel water that is usually planted with rice
Summary
One of the many efforts in stabilizing a national food self-sufficiency is to optimize paddy fields for rice farming by increasing the rice production and productivity. Increased production and productivity of rice in paddy fields, among others, are by increasing the soil productivity and soil fertility. Increased productivity and soil fertility are concerning to the nutrient input given to the soil in the form of fertilizer. The farmers have not been rationally used fertilizers according to crop needs and the ability of the soil to provide nutrients, the soil properties, the water quality, and the management by farmers. If the soil is fertile, in the short term, rice crops will not show a decrease in production, but in the long term, there will be a decrease in soil and plant productivity. If the soil is not fertile, rice plants will show productivity far lower than the actual productivity potential (Sukarman et al 2012)
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