Abstract
Erbium-doped lithium niobate on insulator (Er:LNOI) is a promising platform for photonic integrated circuits as it adds gain to the LNOI system and enables on-chip lasers and amplifiers. A challenge for the Er:LNOI laser is to increase its output power while maintaining single-frequency and single (-transverse)-mode operation. In this work, we demonstrate that single-frequency and single-mode operation can be achieved even in a single multi-mode Er:LNOI microring by introducing mode-dependent loss and gain competition. In a single microring with a free spectral range of 192 GHz, we have achieved single-mode lasing with an output power of 2.1 µW, a side-mode suppression of 35.5 dB, and a linewidth of 0.9 MHz.
Highlights
Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) or thin-film lithium niobate has attracted great attention as it introduces strong mode confinement to the lithium niobate (LN) and can significantly enhance the electro-optic and nonlinear effects
We have demonstrated a single-frequency singlemode Er:LNOI laser with a single microring resonator
The pump light from the 1484-nm pump laser first propagated through a fiber polarization controller (PC) and was guided to the bus waveguide on the chip via a lensed fiber
Summary
Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) or thin-film lithium niobate has attracted great attention as it introduces strong mode confinement to the lithium niobate (LN) and can significantly enhance the electro-optic and nonlinear effects. Erbium-doped LNOI has been successfully fabricated by binding an erbium-doped LN wafer to a holder wafer with so-called “ion-cutting” technology and polishing the erbiumdoped LN layer to a proper thickness.. Erbium-doped LNOI has been successfully fabricated by binding an erbium-doped LN wafer to a holder wafer with so-called “ion-cutting” technology and polishing the erbiumdoped LN layer to a proper thickness.21 On this Er:LNOI platform, a few technologies have been proposed to fabricate desired devices, including focused ion beam (FIB), chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), and dry etching.. We have demonstrated a single-frequency singlemode Er:LNOI laser with a single microring resonator. This work can be a promising solution for a single-frequency single-mode laser on LNOI and paves the way to a fully integrated photonic system on LNOI for applications including optical communications and optical computing
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