Abstract
A single-band, optically transparent monopole antenna is proposed in this paper. The antenna is intended for wearable technology applications where integration within glass or transparent structures is required such as in smart glasses and wearable displays. The antenna proposed in this paper is designed to have a resonance frequency at 2.4 GHz which enables the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Bluetooth technologies. The radiating element is deposited on a Pyrex substrate with dimensions of 26.5 mm × 25 mm utilizing a solution of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). The 3 mm thick Pyrex glass substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.6 was coated with a single layer of ITO via the magnetron sputtering technique. The deposited properties of the coating are as follows: a thickness of 438 nm, sheet resistance of 10.4 Ω/π, and an average optical transmission in the visible light spectrum (λ = 400–750 nm) of 77-87%. Utilizing the photolithography process, the antenna pattern was transferred onto the previously-coated Pyrex by a photosensitive film which then etched out in a solution of HCl, HNO3, and de-ionized (DI) water. The proposed compact and optically transparent design along with the desirable radiation characteristics confirm that it would be a suitable candidate for integration within wearable technology applications that involve glass and/or transparent structures.
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