Abstract
Renewable energy sources (RES) are not the backbone of the Polish electricity generation sector. Even though the use of such resources is beneficial in terms of, e.g., CO2 emissions, current policy seems to create more and more obstacles hindering their further development on an industrial scale. The present paper proposes a simulation model of a hybrid micro power source coupled with a battery bank supplying a small group of households with an annual energy demand of 30 MWh. Results indicate that, for the selected site, a power source consisting of a wind turbine – 8kW, photovoltaic array – 9kW, water turbine – 2kW and 256 kWh energy storage capacity of a battery bank can be a reliable energy source. However, due to the intermittent nature of the selected energy sources there is still a need to remain on-grid in order to avoid excessive energy surpluses (in the case of an oversized system) and deficits. This work opens several interesting directions for future studies, which will be discussed in later sections.
Highlights
Some Renewable energy sources (RES) such as solar, wind and hydro exhibit significant temporal and/or spatial variability [1]
The dependencies presented above are valid only for the selected parameters of the water turbine and might change significantly if another were selected. Please note that this chart (Fig. 3) refers to energy generated by devices such as wind turbines etc., not the potential energy availability resulting from wind speed or irradiation
One of the viable solutions is to introduce to the power system new RESs which are complementary in time, thereby limiting and curtailing the probability of instances of concurrent zero energy availability from all variable renewable energy (VRE)
Summary
Some RESs such as solar, wind and hydro exhibit significant temporal and/or spatial variability [1]. One of the most frequently cited – and questioned [4] – works of Delucchi & Jacobson [5, 6] points to several solutions which may ease and facilitate the process of integrating variable renewable energy (VRE) into the national power system. Their proposed solutions include, inter alia: the creation of hybrid power sources based on complementary RESs; usage of energy storage devices such as battery banks or hydro-pumped storage, etc. The conducted research is summarized in the last section, entitled Conclusions
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