Abstract
Airborne pathogen respiratory droplets are the primary route of COVID19 transmission, which are released from infected people. The strength and amplitude of a release mechanism strongly depend on the source mode, including respiration, speech, sneeze, and cough. This study aims to develop a simplified model for evaluation of spreading range (length) in sneeze and cough modes using the results of Eulerian-Lagrangian CFD model. The Eulerian computational framework is first validated with experimental data, and then a high-fidelity Lagrangian CFD model is employed to monitor various scale particles’ trajectory, evaporation, and lingering persistency. A series of Eulerian-Lagrangian CFD simulations is conducted to generate a database of bioaerosol release spectrum for the release modes in various thermal conditions of an enclosed space. Eventually, a correlation fitted over the data to offer a simplified airborne pathogen spread model. The simplified model can be applied as a source model for design and decision-making about ventilation systems, occupancy thresholds, and disease transmission risks in enclosed spaces.
Highlights
The primary transmission mode of COVID19 is understood to be in-person exposure to infected people’s respiratory secretions and bioaerosols expelled in various sizes [1]
Airborne pathogen respiratory droplets are the primary route of COVID19 transmission, which are released from infected people
This study aims to develop a simplified model for evaluation of spreading range in sneeze and cough modes using the results of Eulerian-Lagrangian Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model
Summary
The primary transmission mode of COVID19 is understood to be in-person exposure to infected people’s respiratory secretions and bioaerosols expelled in various sizes [1]. COVID19 transmission mode via respiratory airborne pathogen droplets requires a thorough investigation of droplets’ number, size, and density distribution as well as their initial velocities. The places of disagreement in contradictory findings associated with the disease transmission are in numerous strands, including carriage process of pathogens with droplets and aerosols from an infected person to a new host, drying and evaporation processes of exhaled bioaerosols in accordance with their properties (e.g., size, mucus), environmental conditions (e.g., relative humidity), and number and size of released bioaerosols in each activity mode
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