A simplified discrete unified gas–kinetic scheme for compressible flow

Abstract

In this paper, the simplified discrete unified gas-kinetic scheme presented in the former paper is extended from incompressible flow to compressible flow at a high Mach number. In our earlier work, a simplified discrete unified gas–kinetic scheme was developed for low-speed flow in which the Mach number is small for keeping the incompressible property. To simulate compressible flow, the governing equation of the internal energy distribution function presented as potential energy including the Prandtl number effect is introduced to the present method. The velocity field is coupled with density and internal energy by the evolution of distribution functions related to mass, momentum, and temperature. For simplification and computational efficiency, the D2Q13 circular distribution function is applied as the equilibrium model. Compared to our earlier work, higher Mach number flows can be simulated by the proposed method, which is of the ability to simulate compressible flow. A number of numerical test cases from incompressible to compressible flows have been conducted, including incompressible lid-driven cavity flow, Taylor vortex flow, transonic flow past NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) 0012 airfoil, Sod shock tube, supersonic flow past a circular cylinder, and isentropic vortex convection. All simulation results agree well with the reference data.