Abstract
Methods and experimentsIn this study, a functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-coated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber was developed for concentrating analytes in aqueous samples. Sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) was used as a dispersing agent for non-covalent modification of MWCNTs. The coating showed porous structure and large adsorption capacity. To investigate the capability of this MWCNTs/NaDC SPME fiber, it was applied to the analysis of phenols in aqueous solution. After extraction, the analytes were desorbed in an acetonitrile–water solution and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography.ResultsThe MWCNTs/NaDC fiber exhibited good analytical performance, and fine preparation reproducibility was obtained with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 4.9% to 10.2% (n = 6) in one batch, from 5.7% to 11.9% (n = 3) among different batches. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the detection limits were 0.15–0.30 ng/mL(S/N = 3), the linear detection ranges were 1–100 ng/mL (R2 ≥ 0.9997) for these analytes, and good recoveries (80.3–95.4%) were obtained for the spiked samples.ConclusionThis is a simple and accurate pretreatment method for the analysis of phenols in aqueous samples.
Highlights
Phenols are hydroxyl-containing derivatives of aromatic hydrocarbons, which are one of very toxic organic contaminants [1, 2]
The multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/NaDC fiber exhibited good analytical performance, and fine preparation reproducibility was obtained with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 4.9% to 10.2% (n = 6) in one batch, from 5.7% to 11.9% (n = 3) among different batches
The optimized method was applied to the determination of phenols in samples from the South China Sea and Wastewater. 10 mL of aqueous solution was extracted by this novel MWCNTs/NaDC fiber without any pretreatment, the results indicated that Phenol was detected in the wastewater(3.64 ng/mL), while the concentrations of 2-NP, 4-NP, 2,4-DMP and 2,4-DCP were below the LODs
Summary
Phenols are hydroxyl-containing derivatives of aromatic hydrocarbons, which are one of very toxic organic contaminants [1, 2]. In the past few years, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) have been developed for the extraction of phenols [6,7,8,9] The obvious advantages of SPME are solvent-free process, simplicity of operation, and a short extraction time, which reduces contamination of the sample and loss of analytes [10, 11]. It can combine sampling, extraction and enrichment into a single step [12].
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