A Simple Grading Scale for Predicting Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage after Mechanical Thrombectomy

Abstract

Introduction: Hemorrhagic transformation, especially symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), is a common complication after mechanical embolectomy. This study explored a grading scale based on clinical and radiological parameters to predict sICH after mechanical embolectomy. Methods: Demographic and clinical data were retrospectively collected from patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with mechanical embolectomy at West China Hospital. Clinical and radiological factors associated with sICH were identified and used to develop the “STBA” grading scale. This score was then validated using data from an independent sample at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Results: We analyzed 268 patients with acute ischemic stroke who were treated with mechanical embolectomy at West China Hospital, of whom 30 (11.2%) had sICH. Patients were rated on an “STBA” score ranging from 0 to 6 based on whether systolic blood pressure was ≥145 mm Hg at admission (yes = 2 points; no = 0 points), time from acute ischemic stroke until groin puncture was ≥300 min (yes = 1; no = 0), blood glucose was ≥8.8 mmol/L (yes = 1; no = 0), and the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography score at admission was 0–5 (2 points), 6–7 (1 point), or 8–10 (0 points). The STBA score showed good discrimination in the derivation sample (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.858) and in the validation sample (area = 0.814). Conclusions: The STBA score may be a reliable clinical scoring system to predict sICH in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with mechanical embolectomy.