Abstract
Abstract. The article presents a simple technological solution PMC (PhotoMicrometer Contrast) for monitoring cracks and deformation joints in buildings and structures. The solution is based on the methods of image processing and photogrammetry. The monitoring equipment includes a special marker, a digital camera and specialized processing software. The marker consists of two thin plastic plates where Aruco marks and special measuring areas are printed. There are two types of markers – for monitoring in one or two directions of crack development. While monitoring is performed, two plates are fixed on both sides of the crack or deformation joint. Then the plates are photographed with a digital camera as often as the observation cycle requires. Any conventional modern digital camera is suitable for photographing after successfully passing the distortion effect test described in the article. Image processing in the software includes automatic identification of the marker in the image, binarization of the image, determination of its scale and dimensions of measuring areas in the current observation cycle. For processing images made at large angles of inclination and rotation, a preliminary solution of the resection in space and the images rectification to the found angles is provided. The dynamics of crack development is determined by the results of several cycles of observations collected over period. Our technology ensures the accuracy of the determination of coordinates and deformations at the level of 0.05 mm and higher for photographing distances from 0.3 to 50 m.
Highlights
One of the important tasks of engineering inspection of buildings and building constructions is to monitor the dynamics of cracks development
In addition to other systems, devices and technologies based on the use of photographs and photogrammetry methods have been significantly developed in recent years
The photos saved in RAW format were corrected for distortion at a result of post-processing in the standard Canon Digital Photo Professional (DPP) program
Summary
One of the important tasks of engineering inspection of buildings and building constructions is to monitor the dynamics of cracks development. In addition to other systems, devices and technologies based on the use of photographs and photogrammetry methods have been significantly developed in recent years. The most effective of them are based upon the use of deformation markers with marks automatically recognized using specialized photogrammetric software (Germanese et al, 2018; Wojnarowski et al, 2019). This approach makes it possible to completely eliminate the "human factor" from the measurement processes and to develop universal crack monitoring technologies, including fully automated ones. We present probably the simplest device and the technology for monitoring the crack opening value using photographs
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