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Abstract
Classical theory of consolidation was conceived considering loads instantaneously applied. Since then, researchers have addressed this issue by suggesting graphical and/or analytical solutions to incorporate different time-depending load schemes. The simplest alternative is to assume a linearly increasing load. Another approach to predict the average degree of consolidation caused by a constant rate loading is based on instantaneous excess pore pressures during and at the end of construction. This technical note explains why and how this approach leads to substantial errors after the end of construction. A corrected solution is then proposed, based on the concept of superposition of effects. The final set of equations agree with the theoretical ones. A new simple approximate methodology is also presented. Numerical examples using the proposed approach showed an excellent agreement with the analytical solution. The validity of this new approach was also proven by reproducing oedometer test results with a good agreement.
Highlights
Consolidation is one of the most relevant and most studied phenomena in Geotechnical Engineering
Where U '(T ) is the corrected average degree of consolidation, U (T ) is the corresponding value for instantaneous loading (Equation 1) and Tc is the Time Factor corresponding to the end of construction tc
The method overestimates the average degree of consolidation by approximately 10%
Summary
Consolidation is one of the most relevant and most studied phenomena in Geotechnical Engineering. Where U '(T ) is the corrected average degree of consolidation, U (T ) is the corresponding value for instantaneous loading (Equation 1) and Tc is the Time Factor corresponding to the end of construction tc. The method overestimates the average degree of consolidation by approximately 10% For this reason, Hanna et al (2013) proposed a new approach to construct the consolidation curve due to a ramp load. The remaining excess pore pressure ue at the end of construction T = Tc is expressed as a fraction of the final load by: ue= [1 −U '(Tc )] qc (9). If ue is interpreted as the excess pore pressure due to an instantaneously applied load, the average degree of consolidation after the end of construction becomes the sum of the corresponding value at the end of loading and the one due to ue dissipation:.
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