Abstract
Repeated 24 h blood sampling, which is required for time series analyses of metabolites and/or hormones that show strong fluctuations in blood concentration over time, has a higher failure rate in older adults. We tailored existing venipuncture protocols toward use for 24h blood sampling (sampling frequency of 10min) in older adults. The following modifications were made:•Pre-sampling: evidence based risk assessment of older adults.•During sampling:•Ultrasound-guided identification and characterisation of veins.•Use of 20-gauge arterial catheter with guide wire for venous access.•Measures to prevent and/or reduce unidirectional blood flow (fluid flow into but not out of the vein) included:•Use of hot water bottles to dilate veins.•Use of small gauge syringes, shortening of the extension line, and slowing of the blood withdrawal rate to reduce pressure on veins.•Stimulation of movement of the arm or retraction of the IV cannula to relieve mechanical flow obstruction.•Post-sampling: prevention of bruising and prolonged bleeding.
Highlights
Repeated 24 h blood sampling, which is required for time series analyses of metabolites and/or hormones that show strong fluctuations in blood concentration over time, has a higher failure rate in older adults
The customized protocol was used for 24 h blood sampling with a sample frequency of 10 min in a group of 41 elderly mean age of 66 (52–76) years
The age of 65 years, blood donation is allowed only at the discretion of the responsible physician [2]. This medical discretion can be applied on an individual basis or through a systematic approach based on an appropriate risk assessment
Summary
A simple and versatile method for frequent 24 h blood sample collection in healthy older adults. A.A. Akintola a,1, S.W. Jansen a,1, R.B.P. Wilde c, G. A Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands b Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands c Intensive Care Department, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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