Abstract
Incipient faults are known as the faults mainly occurring on the junctions of underground power cables. Clearing quickly, these faults are difficult to detect by conventional protection equipment, leading to insulation degradation and permanent fault in the power cable over time. In this paper, employing similarity functions, a new method is put forward to distinguish the existing fault from other similar events with both high speed and accuracy. The proposed algorithm consists of a two-stages algorithm including change detection, disturbance identification, and fault detection. The proposed method performs the calculation on the voltage signal that is recorded at the sending end of the line. The cross-correlation function is employed for identifying change detection and determining disturbance time. Afterward, using sinusoidal curve fitting, the algorithm can distinguish the incipient fault from sudden load change, capacitor switching, and harmonic load. The accuracy of the proposed approach is verified by some experimental data and 6272 simulation data obtained from four types of well-known arc models, capacitor switching, and also load variations.
Highlights
Undetectable fault circumstances for the protection system lead to damage to the power system component and may lead to failure of the power system components
Incipient faults in underground power cables are known as one of the most significant types of faults that may not be detected by the conventional protection equipment [1]
This paper presents a comprehensive framework for incipient fault detection in underground power cables and simultaneously discrimi nating the incipient fault from similar events
Summary
Undetectable fault circumstances for the protection system lead to damage to the power system component and may lead to failure of the power system components. Incipient faults in underground power cables are known as one of the most significant types of faults that may not be detected by the conventional protection equipment [1]. The incipient faults mainly occur in parts of power cables having mechanical or insulation failure These failures are generally developed as a result of the power cable aging, undesirable atmospheric conditions, or physical contact of the cable with other equipment [2]. The insulation condition of the cable is damaged by each fault occurrence, making the fault duration longer each time [1,2], and resulting in a permanent fault [5,6]. Considering that the capacitive switching, sudden system load changes [10], and har monic loads produce conditions similar to incipient fault incipient, the need for a powerful method, capable of detecting the incipient faults quickly and with high accuracy, is expressed
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