A short overview of the cystic Echinococcosis among people in Bulgaria and Stara Zagora region during the period 2006 - 2014

Abstract

The cystic echinococcosis among people in Bulgaria is a serious problem in human pathology. Echinococcosis is an uncommon disease in the EU, caused by infections with the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. AIM: To analyze and compare the published data on the case rate of hydatid disease in Member States of the EC, some Balkan countries, in Bulgaria and in Stara Zagora region for a nine-year period (2006 – 2014) and to analyze and compare the published data on the case rate of hydatid disease in the member states of the EU and EEA, some Balkan countries and in Bulgaria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Information from the cards of the epidemiological study of 140 patients operated from echinococcosis from Stara Zagora region has been used, as well as literature sources (annual reports on ECDC and scientific publications). Enclosed are an epidemiological study, biostatistical methods and analysis of results. RESULTS: In 2012, the case rate of echinococcosis was 0.19 cases per 100 000 population in the EU and EEA. Bulgaria had the highest disease rate, 4.37 cases per 100 000 people, and accounted for 39,2% (320 confirmed cases) of the reported number of cases. During the period 2006 - 2012, the number of hydatid disease in Bulgaria are 2573 and constitute 42,63% of the population with hydatid disease in the EU and EEA (n=6036). The case rate of echinococcosis in Bulgaria is 4.61 per 100 000 population and in Stara Zagora region – 4.67 per 100 000 people. The case rate of echinococcosis by age group is as follows: children up to 14 years – 2.83 per 100 000 population, from 15 to 64 – 4.1 per 100 000 people and over 65 years – 4.84 per 100 000 population. The case rate for women is 4,21 per 100 000 people and for men 4.19 per 100 000 people. Incidence among citizens operated by echinococcosis people is 4.25 per 100 000 people and 5.66 per 100 000 people among the villagers. From those who have undergone an operation, 97.72% had a primary hydatid disease, and the organ localization is as follows: 77,7% in the liver; 20,4% in the lung and 1,9% - in other locations. CONCLUSION: The invasions with cystic hydatid disease of the population in Bulgaria and in particular - the residents of Stara Zagora indicates serious deficiencies in the health awareness and behavior. This in conditions of prolonged socio-economic crisis leads to deterioration of health outcomes and quality of life of patients with hydatid disease .