Abstract
A sewer dynamic model (SDM), an innovative use of combined models, was established to describe the reactions of compounds in a pilot sewer pipe. The set of ordinary differential equations in the SDM was solved simultaneously using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm. The SDM was validated by calculating the consistency between the simulation and observation values. After the SDM was validated, the reaction rate was analyzed. For heterotrophs in the water phase and biofilm, their growth rates were greater than the organism decay rate. For ammonia, the supply rate was greater than the consumption rate at the initial time, but the supply rate was smaller than the consumption rate from the 3rd hour. The supply rate was smaller than the consumption rate for the other six compounds. The supply rate of oxygen was smaller than the consumption rate before the 4th hour because of the microorganism activities, and, subsequently, the supply rate was greater than the consumption rate after the 4th hour because of reaeration. The results of this study provide an insight into the reaction rates of different compounds in urban sewer pipes and an urban water network modeling reference for policymaking and regulation.
Highlights
Introduction and BackgroundMassive amounts of people live in cities
Since the kinetics of General Dynamic Model (GDM) have only been used in the simulation of activated sludge process for a long time, this paper represents the first report of the innovative use of combined models for the simulation of reaction rates of different compounds in the urban sewer pipe (USP) network
NH3 decreased before the 5th hour. It indicated that the supply rate of NH3 was greater than the consumption rate at the initial time, but the supply rate was smaller than the consumption rate from 3rd hour in the experiment
Summary
People in urban areas utilize energy, environmental resources and develop the land to suit their living conditions. This affects the type of land utilization, hydrology, and landscape. For various uses in household, commercial, and industrial sectors of city life, water resources are indispensable. Uninterrupted household, commercial, and industrial sewage effluents result in serious pollution of urban water environments [1]. For the purpose of water resource protection in a city, it is essential to establish an urban sewer pipe (USP) network that can convey urban sewage from households, commercial districts, or industries to sewage treatment plants (STPs) [2,3]. Due to the large amount of urban sewage with a high concentration of complicated compounds that flows into the USP network, studying the physical, chemical, and biological reactions in the USP network is necessary
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