A Service-Aware Latency-Relaxed uRLLC Multiplexing Strategy within eMBB Traffic for Hyperloop Communications

Abstract

The train-to-ground communications for Hyperloop encounter numerous challenges compared to the previous systems as a result of ultrahigh velocity, metal confined tube, severe penetration attenuation, frequent handover, etc. Ultrareliable low latency communication (uRLLC) services are extremely pivotal to the operation of Hyperloops since they are responsible for the transmission of safety-related messages like train control system (TCS) information. Furthermore, the sporadic generated uRLLC traffic is strictly latency-sensitive and requires stringent transmission reliability, which is usually realized by multiplexing with the enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) traffic when coexisting with heterogeneous traffic. Different from current multiplexing schemes which handle all uRLLC traffic indiscriminately, we focus on the detailed demands of different uRLLC services for Hyperloops, including the end-to-end transmission latency and bit error rate (BER). Then, we classify the safety-related uRLLC traffic into 5 levels according to the metrics and relax the multiplexing latency properly. On this basis, an optimization problem incorporating minimizing uRLLC power and maximizing the eMBB throughput is formulated. Then, a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed to cope with this nondeterministic polynomial- (NP-) hard problem. Simulation results imply that our proposed service-aware latency-relaxed concept enables a flexible multiplexing of the uRLLC traffic, and the proposed PSO algorithm can obtain the suboptimal solutions with the constraints of BER and time-frequency range, which can cater to the demands of uRLLC and improve the passengers’ in-journey communication quality of services to some degree.