Abstract
Three metal–organic frameworks, TbCO3OH (ZH-103), EuCO3OH (ZH-104), and GdCO3OH (ZH-105), were synthesised using DMF/H2O under solvothermal conditions. Multiple types of bimetallic doped EuxTb1 − X-ZH-103 frameworks, which showed unique colour changes, were obtained by adjusting Eu3+/Tb3+ ion ratios. Subsequently, multiple types of trimetallic doped EuxGdyTb1 − x − y-ZH-103 frameworks were obtained by tuning Eu3+/Gd3+/Tb3+ ion ratios. These frameworks also exhibited striking colour changes, including white light emissions, and showed potential for their use in barcode applications. In addition, ZH-103 showed high selectivity towards nitroimidazole antibiotics, including metronidazole (MDZ), dimetridazole (DTZ), and ornidazole (ODZ), through luminescence quenching. The detection of one antibiotic using ZH-103 was not interfered with by other antibiotics. The calculated limits of detection for MDZ, DTZ, and ODZ were 0.12, 0.23, and 0.09 mM, respectively.
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