Abstract
Secondary Users (SUs) are allowed to use the temporarily unused licensed spectrum without disturbing Primary Users (PUs) in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (CRAHNs). Existing architectures for CRAHNs impose energy-consuming Cognitive Radios (CRs) on SUs. However, the advanced CRs will increase energy cost for their cognitive functionalities, which is undesirable for the battery powered devices. A new architecture referred to as spectral Requirement-based CRAHN (RCRAHN) is proposed to enhance energy efficiency for CRAHNs in this paper. In RCRAHNs, only parts of SUs are equipped with CRs. SUs equipped with CRs are referred to as Cognitive Radio Users (CRUs). To further enhance energy efficiency of CRAHNs, we aim to select minimum CRUs to sense available spectrum. A non-linear programming problem is mathematically formulated under the constraints of energy efficiency and real-time. Considering the NP-hardness of the problem, a framework of a heuristic algorithm referred to as Sensitive Secondary Users Selection (SSUS) was designed to compute the near-optimal solutions. The simulation results demonstrate that SSUS not only improves the energy efficiency, but also achieves satisfied performances in end-to-end delay and communication reliability.
Highlights
The concept of Cognitive Radio (CR) technology is proposed to address the problems in wireless networks resulting from the limited available spectrum and the inefficiency in the spectrum usage [1,2,3].Cognitive Radios (CRs) is the key enabling technology that enables SUs to exploit the licensed spectrum opportunistically without interfering with Primary Users (PUs) [4,5,6]
We focus on the Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (CRAHNs) in this paper
Spectral requirement, equipment cost and energy consumption are considered in Requirement-based CRAHN (RCRAHN), which can further optimize the performances of CRAHNs
Summary
In RCRAHNs, SUs can make a decision about whether to equip with CRs. In addition, CRUs can make a decision about whether to open CRs. only parts of OCRUs are selected as SSUs. Compared with traditional CRAHNs, RCRAHNs will not impose CRs on SUs while meeting the communication requirements of SUs. Compared with CCH, RCRAHNs will not bring extra facility to CRNs. RCRAHNs successfully exploit CR technology while reducing the complexity of SUs. In addition, spectral requirement, equipment cost and energy consumption are considered in RCRAHNs, which can further optimize the performances of CRAHNs. In this paper, we study the selection strategy of SSUs. Energy efficiency and real-time are considered when the selection strategy is designed. Energy efficiency refers to ensuring that all OCRUs in RCRAHNs can achieve their available license spectrum information with maximum power.
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