Abstract
A photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor based on anthocyanin sensitized La2Ti2O7/poly(5-formylindole) (La2Ti2O7/P5FIn) p-n heterojunctions was constructed for the sensitive detection of α-fetoprotein (AFP). The La2Ti2O7/P5FIn heterojunction effectively utilized visible light and improved the electron transport rate, and anthocyanin sensitization greatly enhanced the photocurrent signal and expanded the detection range. Additionally, the energy level matching between CdSe quantum dots (CdSe QDs) and La2Ti2O7, as well as the scavenging of photogenerated holes by electrons from the catalytic reaction between glucose and glucose oxidase (GOD), improved photoelectron conversion efficiency and amplified photocurrent signal significantly. Specific immune responses were used to fix AFP and AFP-CdSe-GOD complexes on anthocyanin-sensitized La2Ti2O7/P5FIn electrodes, enabling sensitive detection of AFP through competitive binding. The linear detection range (LDR) is 0.001–100 ng mL−1 and the detection limit (LOD) is 0.00055 ng mL−1. At the same time, the PEC sensor also has a good analytical ability in detecting AFP in real samples, which also provides a new idea for the development of other protein detection methods.
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