A sensitive lateral flow immunoassay for the multiple residues of five adamantanes

Abstract

ABSTRACTAdamantanes (ADAs) are tricyclic decane saturated derivatives, which are used in the protection against the influenza virus. However, their abuse in animal husbandry has affected human health. To help prevent drug resistance and protect food safety, a rapid, portable, sensitive, and reliable method for onsite detection of ADAs was developed. Herein, we have produced a broad-specificity anti-ADAs monoclonal antibody (mAb), the subclass of which is IgG2b, and its affinity constant is 7.25 × 109 L/mol. From this, an antibody-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was developed for the rapid detection of five ADAs in food samples. When viewed with the naked eye, the LFIA had a visual detection limit of 0.1, 0.1, 1, 5, and 10 μg/kg and a cut-off value of 2.5, 2.5, 10, 100, and 100 μg/kg for somantadine, rimantadine, amantadine, 1-adamantanemethanol, 1-adamantyl methyl ketone respectively in chicken samples. The test results for the LFIA were very similar to that seen when using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Therefore, this paper-based LFIA provides a useful tool for rapid, onsite detection of ADAs in biological samples.