Abstract
In this work, a self-consistent general thermal field (GTF) emission model is formulated and the space charge effect on the original GTF equation developed by Jensen is studied analytically. We have also implemented the GTF algorithm in VORPAL, a conformal finite-difference time-domain (CFDTD) particle-in-cell (PIC) code. This analytic model could serve as a benchmark standard for the GTF CFDTD PIC simulations.
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