Abstract
An active rotor topology for vibration control in rotating machinery is proposed. Microelectromechanical system accelerometers and miniature mass-balancer actuators are placed within a hollow rotor to produce a self-sensing self-actuating design. When compared with conventional stator-mounted active systems, this topology enables an increased number of sensors and actuators, with greater freedom to select their location along the rotor. The construction and evaluation of a prototype is reported. An algorithmic direct search controller is adopted to provide non a priori vibration control. The searching algorithm is specified to solve a discrete problem, accounting for the limits in resolution of sensors and actuators. In addition, features have been introduced to prevent premature convergence at saddle points. The controller has been applied both in simulation and experimentally, achieving a substantial reduction in rotor vibration.
Highlights
A CTIVE control of vibration allows improved performance of rotating machinery, enabling higher operating speeds, increased power density, and reduced wear
Most control methods for rotating machines require a certain degree of a priori knowledge of the system transfer function, and can be broadly classified as “estimated” or “modeled.” In the former, the transfer function is estimated through discrete measurements of the rotor response obtained from trial runs under known input conditions
Modifications are introduced to the original Nelder–Mead algorithm (NMA) to adapt it for use in an algorithmic direct search controller (ADSC), which provides a structured approach to search heuristically for an optimum actuator position, minimizing the accelerometer signals, the rotor vibration
Summary
A CTIVE control of vibration allows improved performance of rotating machinery, enabling higher operating speeds, increased power density, and reduced wear. The stator-mounted nature of conventional devices means that the volume around the rotor must be shared between the active components (sensors and actuators) and the working components (seals, turbine disks, etc.). This leads to inherent performance limitations due to a reduced number of sensors and actuators, and little freedom to select their position along the rotor. Most control methods for rotating machines require a certain degree of a priori knowledge of the system transfer function, and can be broadly classified as “estimated” or “modeled.” In the former, the transfer function is estimated through discrete measurements of the rotor response obtained from trial runs under known input conditions. The algorithmic direct search controller (ADSC) introduced uses the rotor’s on-board sensing to find an actuator setting that minimizes the vibration state
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